Organization Behaviour free essay sample

Wegmans was established in 1916, by siblings Walter and Jack Wegman, as a little family-possessed food store in Rochester, New York State. It was at first called the Rochester Food and Vegetable Company, and worked out of the Wegmanshouse. In the mid 1920s, the Wegmans moved the store to another area and extended the item range to make it an undeniable market selling new produce, pastry kitchen merchandise, and canned products. The store likewise had a little cafeteria. It’s Headquarters in Rochester, New York. Wegmans is reliably casted a ballot as probably the best organization to work for in the US by a few free sources. It is likewise one of the uncommon organizations in the retail segment that had a moderately low willful wearing down rate (seven percent for full time representatives). Wegmans culture is explained in its way of thinking Employees first, Customers second. In any case, regardless of its communicated inclination for representatives over clients, Wegmans is known for its significant level of client assistance. We will compose a custom article test on Association Behavior or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Question No 1 Is Wegamns Culture Strong or Weak and what are the Characteristic of Wegmans culture and how it influence its representatives especially recently recruited employees? Solid culture is said to exist where staff react to boost due to their arrangement to hierarchical qualities. Alternately, there is Weak Culture where there is little arrangement with hierarchical qualities and control must be practiced through broad strategies and administration. Where culture is resilient individuals do things since they trust it is the proper activity. Normal for Wegmans Diversity and equivalent chance. * Respect co-representatives , seek after greatness , have any kind of effect and become enabled

life Essays (203 words) - Catch-22, Film Genres, Humour,

Dilemma was unquestionably a catch! This ?law? was the primary allegory of how insane war truly was and of the military position. Joseph Heller utilized this catch in an entertaining manner, essentially making it an escape clause keeping any warrior from leaving the war. ?Crazy or not, the youngsters are in a roundabout way compelled to participate in battle and battle for a war they don't think about? (http://epubl.itu.se). He utilizes a lot of dark diversion all through the book, to alleviate the repulsions of war, demise, etc. He additionally utilizes such a large number of one of a kind methods which can get so befuddling, that the peruser is occupied from the genuine fear and anguish that individuals face in war. There are 3 explicit instances of dark diversion in the book. For instance, Heller makes the military unfit to appreciate demise and life. Besides, he mocks demise and assault and to wrap things up miscommunication, which is critical to everything. It is very unexpected how a dead man is supposed to be living and how a clearly living man is professed to be dead. This is the way Heller utilizes dark diversion in this specific situation. It?s stunning the intensity of composed word. Most peo...

How Blockchain Will Transform the Digital Marketing Industry

How Blockchain Will Transform the Digital Marketing Industry Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!How Blockchain Will Transform the Digital Marketing IndustryUpdated On 07/08/2018Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : BloggingShort URL : https://hbb.me/2OksaTN CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogCryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and the application of Blockchain technology seem to have been embraced by the finance and elements of the business world, including everything from online loans to bank clearing and settlement.But, what other industries can benefit from a decentralized, encrypted ledger system?Digital marketing and advertising seem to be next on the list with both positive and negative applications …Let’s have a closer look:1. Cutting Out the MiddlemenThe Blockchain will allow brands to cut out the middleman advertising platforms so they can target consumers more directly. Because the technology is transparent by nature, it might also build more trust between brand an d consumer during a time when record numbers of people are completely blind to online ads.One way blockchain is being tested with advertising is by tokenizing user behavior and developing a credit system.Exactly how it will roll-out, however, is yet to be seen. It will take a lot to knock-off giants like Google and Facebook and they themselves could adopt blockchain in some way to maintain control over the market.2. Ad HijackingOne element that is impacting digital advertising but is not directly linked to its evolution, is the rise of hackers infecting traditional online ads to hijack people’s computers in order to mine cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin.The mining process is done via computing power, so you can understand why hijacking other people’s PCs makes sense.This isn’t always done maliciously either. Some ads use JavaScript to use a visitor’s CPU power only for the time they spend on the website that serves the ad. In fact, this is slowly becoming a method for webmaster s to monetize their sites!This will force reputable advertising platforms to screen out such advertisers, but also force us to rethink what we consider ethical advertising.Could we see a dynamic where consumers allow content creators to use their CPU power as a form of paymentâ€"an adjunct to the Patreon model?3. More User ControlDue to the transparency of Blockchain, we may enter a digital advertising era that gives users more control over their privacy. They choose what they wish to share with advertisers and advertisers pay users in a small amount of cryptocurrency for accepting their ads and giving them access to their data. This model crosses over with smart contract platforms like Ethereum.READ8 Sureshot Benefits Of Blog CommentingBrave blockchain browser and its Basic Attention Token (BAT) is currently working on a way to for users, advertisers, and publishers to trade more openly in ‘online attention.’There are even those that believe the internet itself will move over t o a blockchain powered network when consumers get tired of the traditional giants exploiting their data and invading their privacy.Blockstack may be part of the way there with its decentralized app network. Then there are Skycoin that powers the Skywire network. Developers are paid in the currency for providing services and security for the network.All of this will obviously impact the marketing space.4. Less Fake Clicks and Traffic, Genuine InfluencersThere is an epidemic right now of bots and fraudsters sucking money out of digital advertising and even allegedly having an impact on elections.In fact, it’s estimated that over $1 billion is lost to ad fraud every year!The blockchain also has the potential to regulate and verify when clicks and traffic are genuine or something shady is going on.Blockchain might also be able to further weed out genuine influencers who create real results for marketers and phonies with fake followers and fraudulent returns.5. New Delivery and Reporti ng PlatformsVideo content delivery was the first area affected by blockchain technology and this will soon expand to all areas of digital advertising. It will change how ads are sold, delivered, and measured, with a new level of accuracy.Blockchain may also allow publishers to be paid on impression delivery rather than on the long-winded Net 60 to Net 120 basis.It might be too early to predict exactly how Blockchain will change marketing, but out of all technologies, it will be the most disruptive going forward.Do you work in digital marketing? Let us know in the comments how you think Blockchain will change the industry!

Essay on George Washington - 2315 Words

A man who stood 6 feet, 2 inches tall with teeth composed of wood and hippopotamus ivory does not even begin to describe George Washington. He was born February 22, 1732 but forever lives in American history. He was a large component of the French and Indian War and achieved many accomplishments as a military leader and soldier. One of the most unique qualities of George Washington was the fact that he was very insightful when learning from his prior defeats in battle, and he had a strong will to never give up. He learned from his experiences in each battle to learn more about himself, and more about his desire to change the 13 colonies association with Britain. Although George Washington was born in a privileged English household he took†¦show more content†¦His half brother lived in Mount Vernon. (http://sc94.ameslab.gov/TOUR/gwash.html, 1). In 1745, when George was 13 years old, he took a very important art class that taught him how to sketch maps. Through this art class, he realized a talent that proves to be very valuable later in life. He finds out that he is talented in looking at a country, and sketching it 2 dimensionally. Through this talent, 3 years later, George was given an internship from Lord Fairfax. He was associated with Lord Fairfax due to the fact that it was Lawrence’s half brother in law (Johnson, 15). This ended up being his first time that he needed to speak with the Natives. This showed to be another one of George Washington’s strengths. George was always accepting towards the Indians and, â€Å" treated Indians as a fact of American life-of which scalping their enemies was merely one feature-rather than an occasion for passing moral judgments, for or against† (Johnson, 17). This shows that he never has had any negative opinions on Indians and doesn’t treat them disresp ectfully. This fact can be very helpful when he later becomes involved in the military. However, through this exposure, George begins to develop some opinions on what the Indians should and shouldn’t be allowed to do. He discovers that he believes that the Indians should not be able to settle in the land that is westward. He forms the opinion that this land is reservedShow MoreRelatedGeorge Washington891 Words   |  4 Pagessurrender to Great Britain. However, George Washington was not settling with anything less than trying their best. He kept that little flicker of hope that was still left, alive. The Continental Congress did not see much hope in the war either and turned the responsibility of the war to General George Washington. Washington received a message from Congress saying, â€Å"Full power to direct all things relative†¦ to the operations of war.† (Dupuy 63-64). Although Washington did not see this as much of an honorRead MoreGeorge Washington765 Words   |  4 PagesThe Founder of a New Nation There are few figures as large in American history as George Washington. His powerful leadership, determination, and endless patriotism was essential for winning the Revolutionary War, the creation of the United States Constitution, and the establishment of a new government. There are three defining events that happened to George during his life in colonial America. His proper childhood upbringing, his military leadership in the revolutionary war, and his electionRead MoreGeorge Washington2434 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Å"Discipline is the soul of an army. It makes small numbers formidable; procures success to the weak, and esteem to all† George Washington. This quote was said by one of the most intelligent, ambitious military genius; George Washington. Washington used his mind in fighting war instead of just brute force. He turned the battlefield and the art of war into a chess match. Washington’s efforts in the Revolutionary War were very significant I that they ultimately help lead to the American victory in theRead More George Washington Essays897 Words   |  4 PagesGeorge Washington - The Father of Our Country Why has George Washington earned the title Father of our Country? He was a great military leader and served as a general in the Revolutionary War. Washington was very involved in setting up the government of the United States and served as the first President. He is the most honored of any President and there are many things that help us remember him often. With all he has contributed to the success of our country, he certainly deserves this titleRead MoreGeorge Washington Paper1005 Words   |  5 PagesFast Facts on George Washington * Born: February 22, 1732 Pope’s Creek, Virginia * Children: no natural children (Adopted the children of Martha Custis) *Grandfather by marriage of Confederate General Robert E. Lee * Military Service: Commander General, Revolutionary War * Profession: Surveyor/Planter * Political Party: Federalist * Home State: Virginia * Political Offices: Chairman of Constitutional Convention * Died: December 14, 1799 (Age- 670 Last Words:Read More George Washington Essay1136 Words   |  5 Pages George Washington George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 in Westmoreland County, Virginia. He attended school for approximately eight years. Washington lived with his mother until the age of 16. At the age of 15, Washington took a job as an assistant land surveyor. In 1748, he began working in the Shanandoah Valley to help survey the land holdings of Lord Fairfax. By 1749, he established a good reputation as a land surveyor and was appointed Culpeper counties official land surveyor. WashingtonRead MoreEssay on George Washington628 Words   |  3 PagesGeorge Washington George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 on Popes Creek Farm in Westmoreland County, Virginia. The family George was born into consisted of his father, Augustine Washington, his mother, Mary Washington, and five brothers and sisters: Betty, Samuel, John Augustine, Charles and Mildred. There were also three other older children from his fathers first marriage to Jane Butler, who died in 1729: thirteen year-old Lawrence, twelve year-old Augustine and nine year-oldRead MoreEssay george washington1077 Words   |  5 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Born in Westmoreland County, Va., on Feb. 22, 1732. George Washington of six children of Augustine Washington and his second wife, Mary Ball Washington. At the age of 16, he lived there and at other plantations along the Rappahannock and Potomac Rivers, including the river later to be known as Mount Vernon. His education was simple, as surveying, mathematics, and quot;rules of civility.quot; After he lost his father in 1743 at the age of eleven. He was soon sent toRead More George Washington Essay691 Words   |  3 Pages George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 in Westmoreland County, Virginia. He was the eldest of six children by Augustine Washington and his second wife Mary Ball. The majority of Washington’s education came from his father and after his death when George was 11 years of age in 1743, his elder half-brother Lawrence. Young Ge orge quickly learned the trade of surveying and at the age of 16 in 1748 he joined a surveying party sent out to the Shenandoah Valley by Lord Fairfax, a land baron. ForRead MoreEssay on George Washington1186 Words   |  5 PagesGeorge Washington and the Revolution George Washington was a part of Gods plan for a new country. What he did influenced what America has become. He laid the foundation for presidents to come, and built this country on solid Christian principles. George Washington was born February 22, 1732. His family lived on a few farms on the Potomac River. George was a strong boy. He could ride a horse and shoot a gun by age 10. When George was ten his older brother Lawrence came home

Film Ideology - Milk - 2629 Words

Assignment 2 – Film and Ideology The definition of the word ideology can be represented in many ways. Today’s basic understanding of the word can be defined as â€Å"the body of ideas reflecting the social needs and aspirations of an individual, group, class, or culture† (Farlex, 2009).Gus Van Sant’s exceptional biopic Milk (Gus Van Sant, 2008) depicts the story of Harvey Milk, the slain gay-rights activist who became the first openly gay man elected to any substantial political office in the history of the planet. Harvey Milk’s life changed history – his courage still motivates people today, his ideals still teach people today and his hope still inspire people today. The release of Milk in 2008 has helped to bring back a new sense of†¦show more content†¦Throughout Milk we can see that Harvey, though a very passionate gay-rights activist, is not only looking out for the queer folk. He holds dear to the ideal that everyone is equal. In a way he embodies what Kinsey and Fre ud say. He did not believe in just one norm. In his fight for gay-rights he isn’t trying to one-up the vast heterosexual majority by over throwing them and getting homosexuals to run the world, he is merely trying to get them to see that homosexuals are no different from any other person. Harvey Milk was trying to break down the social barriers that led to narrow minded thinking of just one social norm. In Milk during one of the public rally’s he had, Harvey said that â€Å"all men are created equal. No matter how hard you try, you can never erase those words† – he believed these words with all his heart. To Harvey Milk, he wasn’t just fighting for gay-rights; he was fighting for a way of life that did not constrict its citizens to conform to just one social norm. Milk, Gus Van Sant’s film project that was close to two decades in the making, was released on the 26th of November 2008 and marks the 30th anniversary of Harvey Milk’s death and the brief but brilliant political career he led. Harvey Milk was unfortunately gunned down on November 27th 1978, three weeks after his biggest political victory. The San Francisco city supervisor had been in office less than a year when he spearheaded aShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book Mad Max Franchise 1709 Words   |  7 Pagesto this analysis: class systems, ideology, and the commodity. The class system in the Marxist perspective encompasses two groups, Bourgeoisie and Proletariat. Those that are a part of the Bourgeoisie â€Å"†¦control the world’s natural, economic, and human resources†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2) while those in the proletariat â€Å"†¦live in substandard conditions and who have always performed the manual labor†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2) These differences never chang e because the bourgeoisie use â€Å"Undesirable ideologies [to] promote repressive politicalRead More Galactosemia Essay1563 Words   |  7 PagesGalactosemia missing works cited Galactosemia is a potentially fatal genetic defect that prevents the body from metabolizing milk. It is fatal because an infants early diet consists mostly of milk. The disease does not usually hinder the development of children in North America or Europe; it is a not-uncommon cause of death, however, in third-world nations, where lactose-free milk is not readily available. So, what impacts people afflicted with galactosemia more, the fact that they have the diseaseRead MoreAnimal Farm By George Orwell1698 Words   |  7 PagesThe novel Animal Farm by George Orwell and the film ‘Chocolat’ by Lasse Halstrom are representations of the composer’s context and reflect the social and political concerns of their era. Although reflections of vastly different contexts both texts encourage the responder to question the role and responsibility of society in relation to the individual. Regardless of nature of the institution there is the expectation that needs of the individual will be met and their autonomy and independence willRead MoreScene Analysis - The Big Lebowski1516 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Coen Brothers is no doubt a comedy film about friendships between three bowling buddies with differing personalities who met and stuck together as friends by choice in Los Angeles when the U.S. army invaded the Middle East. The Coen Brothers manag ed to capture the spirit of friendship bonding, conflicts, characters’ internal struggles as well as personal desires with exceptional cinematography and mise-en-scene through a plot that went from western to Film Noir. There is a cleverly placed contrastRead MoreThe Is The Atomic Bomb Signaled Not Only The Commencement Of The Cold War1461 Words   |  6 PagesThe atomic bomb signaled not only the commencement of the Cold War, but also a political divide between the communist ideologies of the Soviet Union and the democracy of the Western world. A fear of communism behind the Iron Curtain and nuclear annihilation spread throughout the US, while existential views regarding the meaning of life arose. Through their texts, composers subverted dominant Cold War paradigms to †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ATQ†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Samuel Beckett’s modernist existential play ‘Waiting for Godot (Godot) (1953)’Read MoreCultural Fiction : Middle Adulthood Essay1968 Words   |  8 Pag esof loss and decline (Hutchison, 2015). These differing views of losses and gains in middle adulthood can be seen in the dynamic between Harvey Milk, and his adversary (and murderer) Dan White. Harvey, throughout the film, accumulates as many resources as he can and makes strides in his cause to gain justice for the gay community. Middle-adulthood, for Milk, was truly the prime of his life. His political opponent, Dan White, however, experienced a series of losses, including his job and his politicalRead MoreData Analysis. In This Chapter, I Compare And Contrast1718 Words   |  7 PagesData Analysis In this chapter, I compare and contrast representations of gender and motherhood in two pop culture sites—the film The Kids Are All Right, the television series The Fosters. My intention is to examine representations of gender and motherhood and uncover these discourses affect lesbian parents and lesbians more broadly. The following sections divide into individual discussions of each cultural text to reveal the cogs within each site. I then compare and contrast both texts to investigateRead MoreIn This Chapter, I Present How Two Pop Cultural Sites—The1713 Words   |  7 PagesIn this chapter, I present how two pop cultural sites—The film The Kids Are All Right, the television series The Fosters—represent butch motherhood. My intention is to expose the discourses in action to reveal how they operate and contain instruction that delivers as disciplinary performance. I divide the following sections into individual discussions of each cultural text to reveal the cogs within each site. I then compare and contrast both texts to investigate the tensions between both productionsRead MoreThe Cold War And The War I And II1850 Words   |  8 Pagesprominent in three areas – board games, comics and film within the home, cunning posters and videos on a national domain and lastly, in various forms of media such as speeches and government-created videos targeted to an international audience. The governments of both communist and capitalist nations tweaked several elements of popular culture to influence the people within their homes to support their nation’s effort towards fighting the opposing ideology. Donald Crandall, a heavily anti-communist entrepreneurRead MoreBritain ´s First and Only Female Prime Minister1173 Words   |  5 Pagesfor global hegemony, says The Times. The changes allowed international banks like Goldman Sachs to step in and attracted a river of foreign business, says Fox News. b)Many people remember Thatcher as the Education Secretary who snatched free milk from 7 to 11 year olds. But her education legacy is more positive than that, says The Independent. Her Education Reform Act was responsible for introducing a national curriculum, setting up the Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted), bringing in

Auditor’s Responsibilities in Fraud and Error Detection

Auditor’s Responsibilities in Fraud and Error Detection Auditing October 17, 2011 Auditor’s Responsibilities in Fraud and Error Detection In recent years, scandals such as Enron and WorldCom have not only brought up the question â€Å"Where were the auditors?,† but have also brought to our nation’s attention that auditing of public companies must be done with more precision and must have guidelines on the proper way to account for different items. Fraud, illegal acts, and errors happen every day and it is the auditor’s responsibility to find these mistakes and fraudulent accounting in order to make a qualified opinion. The government has helped by setting guidelines in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the PCAOB (Public Companies†¦show more content†¦This is another area where errors come into place most commonly when a company does not capitalize its leases. In 2009, KMPG was being held partly liable for the downfall of New Century, since during the audits, the auditors found errors in the financial statements but were silenced by the partners so they could keep New Century as a client. KMPG ended up having to pay over forty-five million dollars for not detecting the errors. This is why auditors must make sure they do not give unqualified opinions when errors are present on the financials, or they could cost their company a lot of money. In addition to fraud, auditors must also know how to detect other illegal acts when auditing a business. There is further explanation by the Statements on Auditing Standards under SAS 109, which requires auditors to understand the risks associated with the entity’s regulatory, legal, and political environments, including their requirements. When there is a high risk, the auditors must make sure that there are effective internal controls implemented and operating. This also stresses the importance of auditors to be familiar with the entity so they are aware of the environmental requirements and whether or not the shareholders are at risk. For example, not properly disposing of toxic waste could call for huge fines and sanctio ns by the government and greatly affect a company’s financials. These are procedures accountantsShow MoreRelatedThe Auditor and Fraud1175 Words   |  5 PagesEXPLAIN THE RESPECTIVE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF MANAGEMENT AND AUDITORS IN THE PREVENTION AND DETECTION OF FRAUD. The primary responsibility for fraud detection lies with management. This arises due to a contractual duty of care. Directors are able to discharge their duty toward prevention and detection of fraud and error in many ways, for example: * Complying with the Combined Code on Corporate Governance * Developing a code of conduct, monitoring compliance and taking action againstRead MoreThe Degree Of Auditor Responsibility For The Detection Of Fraud1790 Words   |  8 PagesThe degree of auditor responsibility for the detection of fraud has been re-defined repeatedly over the history of audit and is still generating considerable discussion in recent years, at the hand of financial crisis and a number of huge scandals, such as Enron – WolrdCom – Parmalat – Satyam Computer Services, which caused auditing to become headline news, and therefore widened the expectations gap between the audit firms and the public, and raised further questions about the audit value to societyRead MoreThe Auditor s Responsibility For Detecting Fraud1227 Words   |  5 Pageswith the financial statements, â€Å"the auditor’s responsibility for detecting fraud is not discussed (Mancino, 1997)†. This is occurring because â€Å"auditors do not examine every transacti on that happens or event and that would mean there is no guarantee that all material misstatements, whether caused by error or fraud could be detected (Mancino, 1997)†. There should be a spot on the audit report that states the auditor’s roles and their limitation into finding fraud. â€Å"There also seems to be some issuesRead MoreThe Auditor‚Äà ´s Responsibility to Consider Fraud and Error in an Audit of Financial Statements.2148 Words   |  9 PagesThe Auditor’s Responsibility to Consider Fraud and Error in an Audit of Financial Statements. The Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions established on Safar 1, 1410 Hijri (February 26, 1990) at Algiers and registered in Bahrain on Ramadan 11, 1411 Hijri (March 27, 1991) has so far (April, 2004) set the following Financial Accounting Standards, Auditing Standards, Governance Standards Code of Ethics for Accountants Auditors of Islamic Financial Institutions: Read MoreClarified Statements On Auditing Standards1705 Words   |  7 Pages(AU-C), bringing both significant and subtle changes. For some of the standards only the format changed but others significantly impacted the auditor’s work. This project was very important for the globalization of the auditing standards. The most significant changes of the project are the consistent and clear format for all standards; changes in the auditor’s report; changes in the standards for group audits. Each statement on auditing standards (SAS) has the same format consisting of introductionRead MoreFraud : Fraud And Fraud1551 Words   |  7 PagesFraud Detection Paper INTRO Fraud has plagued the world of accounting since the establishment of the profession. Fraud can be committed against an individual or a business. In order to identify fraud, an auditor must be able to differentiate between what is considered fraud and what is considered error. Fraud as defined in our textbook as â€Å"intentional misstatements that can be classified as fraudulent financial reporting and/or misappropriation of assets.† On the other hand, error is â€Å"unintentionalRead MoreChapter 3 Risk Assessment and Materiality Answers to Review Questions3366 Words   |  14 Pagesstatements, while engagement risk relates to the auditors exposure to financial loss and damage to his or her professional reputation. 3-2 Inherent risk and control risk differ from detection risk in that inherent risk and control risk exist independent of the audit. The levels of inherent risk and control risk are functions of the client and its environment, and the auditor has little control over these risks. The auditor can control detection risk through the scope (nature, timing, and extent)Read MoreInvestigating The Failure Of Fraud Detection982 Words   |  4 Pagesmonths or even years before detection. It has been identified that there are three factors that often combine to lead individuals to commit fraud: pressure or an incentive to engage in fraud, a perceived opportunity and the ability to rationalize fraudulent behavior. Because fraudulent activities are usually well planned and intentionally covered up, it is difficult for the auditor to detect these incidents. Although fraud does not happen as often as misuse and error, when it does occur, it negativelyRead MoreThe Audit Expectation Gap Analysis192 2 Words   |  8 Pagesthe public assumes to be the role of audit and what the audit profession claim their role is in carrying out the audit function. . All the theories above describe the expectations the stakeholders have of the auditors, including protection against fraud, warning of future insolvency, general re-assurance of financial well-being, safeguards for auditor independence and understanding of audit reports. Although these expectations seem to be rather natural, however, an audit expectations gap does existRead MoreSaks Fifth Avenue Case Study Essay1188 Words   |  5 Pagesaspects of internal controls. Of note are Saks’ zero-tolerance policy of employee theft, anti-harassment policy and complaint procedure. Also, the case study highlights control activities in a major retail store. Finally, it questions what an auditor’s role is concerning employee’s work environment. Question #1 In your opinion, was Saks’ zero-tolerance policy for employee theft reasonable? Was the policy likely cost-effective? Defend your answers. The case presented only one instance when

Business Statistics Australian Firms

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Statisticsfor Australian Firms. Answer: Introduction: The current report aims to provide critical evaluation of the performance of the major Australian companies provided with the help of descriptive statistics. The main descriptive statistics used for evaluating the performance of the main Australian firms include mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation. In this context, Anderson et al. (2014) stated that descriptive statistics are descriptive coefficients, which help in summarisation of data set. This could signify the overall population or a sample of the same. The first segment of the report concentrates on providing advice to the investors regarding whether to purchase shares from a single firm or maintain a portfolio of shares. This is because such an advice is crucial in the current era due to the uncertainty of rapid growth in the existing global environment. The latter segment of the report sheds light on computing the different measures of central tendency based on the provided data. Finally, the implications of the values obtained have been discussed to depict the learning from statistics. Case Study: Performance of Major Australian companies Summary Averages and Measures of Dispersion for the Provided Group of Shares and their Implications: Particulars Mean Coefficient of variance Standard Deviation P/E Ratio Dividend Yield P/E Ratio Dividend Yield P/E Ratio Dividend Yield Shares 1-10 16.60 5.08 0.56 0.33 9.22 1.67 Shares 11-20 18.50 4.80 0.66 0.42 12.28 2.01 All shares 17.55 4.94 0.60 0.37 10.61 1.81 Table 1: Summary averages and measures for the provided group of shares (Source: As created by author) The above table mainly helps in illustrating the values related measure of central tendency (mean) and measures of dispersion (coefficient of variance and standard deviation). The provided data of the shares have been segregated into three groups, the first two contains 10 shares each respectively and the third group contains all the provided shares. The implications of the following statistical measures have been discussed as follows: Mean: According to Calhoun (2015), mean is the most popular measure of central tendency, which could be used with both continuous and discrete data. The mean value of the initial 10 shares in terms of P/E ratio has been obtained as 16.60, while that for the dividend yield is 5.08. The mean values of the remaining 10 shares and the overall number of shares in case of P/E ratio are computed as 18.50 and 17.55 respectively, while those for the dividend yield are 4.80 and 4.94 respectively. This depicts the inverse relationship between P/E ratio and dividend yield of the portfolio of shares. The higher P/E ratio indicates positive future growth of a particular stock in future; while a higher dividend yield provides greater returns to the investors (Edwards, Edwards and Xie 2014). Therefore, according to the mean values, the shares 11-20 could expect to grow more in future; however, the dividend payout might be minimised. Standard Deviation: The standard deviation values in terms of P/E ratio for three types of shares are obtained as 9.22, 12.28 and 10.61 respectively. Similarly, the values in terms of dividend yield are obtained as 1.67, 2.01 and 1.81 respectively. In this context, Fraser (2016) remarked that standard deviation is a measure of dispersion of the data set from its mean value. The SD values depict that the second group of shares carries greater amount of risk, which is followed by the third group and the first group. Therefore, the returns associated with the second group of shares might result in significant losses for the investors due to unanticipated external risks. Coefficient of Variance: In the words of Jaggia et al. (2016), the coefficient of variance helps in gauging the spread to explain the degree of variability with respect to the mean value. The coefficients of variances for the first 10 shares, last 10 shares and the overall number of shares are obtained as 0.56, 0.66 and 0.60 respectively relative to P/E ratio. In case of dividend yield, the coefficients of variances are found as 0.33, 0.42 and 0.37 respectively. Therefore, the coefficient of variance depicts that the amount of variability is nominal with respect to mean. Advice Regarding Purchase of Shares in a Single Organisation: In the current global competitive environment, there is uncertainty prevailing in the prospect of rapid growth. The purchase of shares in a single organisation has certain merits and drawbacks, which are briefly demonstrated as follows: Merits: The4 purchase of one individual stock would result in minimised fees for the investors. This is because the investors are not required to incur any yearly management fee to the fund organisation for asset investment. Instead, the fee is paid at the time of purchasing and selling the share (Rhodes, 2015).Therefore, the greater the holding period of the stock, the lower is the ownership cost. With the help of investment on a single stock, the investors could handle taxes effectively. This is because the investors are in charge of the selling time and therefore, they control the timing of taking profits or losses. Drawbacks: Holding individual share would restrict the investors in achieving diversification. The investment in a single share carries greater amount of risk in accordance with the portfolio theory and therefore, an investor is required to own between 20 and 50 stocks. The investors need additional time in monitoring their portfolios. This is because the investors are required to ensure that the organisations, in which they have invested, are not confronted with business problems (Selvanathan, Selvanathan and Keller 2014). Based on the above discussion, it is evident that the investors aim to achieve maximum returns with lower amount of risk involved in the shares. This is because diversification of portfolio would help in reducing the risk of losses possible from a single stock to compensate the overall amount of the investors. From the 20 provided companies listed in the ASX, it is recommended to the investor to invest in the shares of BT Investment by taking into account the P/E ratio and dividend yield of the firm. Although News Corp has higher P/E ratio in contrast to BT investment, the dividend yield of the former is lower compared to the former. The investors prefer to invest in shares, which have high P/E ratio along with effective dividend yield. However, the investors could diversify their portfolios by investing in AMP Limited and QBE Insurance to minimise the risk of holding a single portfolio. Mean, Median and Mode of the Provided Data: 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 5 In order to arrive at the values pertaining to measures of central tendency, the provided data set has been sorted out from smallest to largest values. Mean = (0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 2 + 3 + 5)/ 15 = 1.20 Median (Middlemost value) = 1 (8th position out of 15 values) Mode (Maximum frequency) = 1 (repeated 6 times, which is higher than any other value) Mean, Median and Mode of the Provided data: 19 29 33 36 38 42 45 52 60 Mean = (19 + 29 + 33 + 36 +38 + 42 + 45 + 52 + 60)/9 = 39.33 Median = 38 Mode = Not available Learning from the Above Statistics: In order to calculate the above statistics, it is necessary to arrange the values from ascending to descending order (Tran 2016). According to the mean value obtained, it has been found that the exam has been completed within 39.33 minutes. However, the median value suggests that the students have completed the statistics exam within 38 minutes. The modal value could not be obtained in this case, as no single value has been repeated more than once in the provided set of data. This is mandatory to arrive at the modal value. However, the most effective measure of central tendency is the mean, as it takes into account both continuous and discrete data. Therefore, it could be inferred that the average time taken on the part of the selected students to complete the exam is 39.33 minutes. Summary: From the above discussion, it has been found that both measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion are inevitable tools to facilitate the decision-making process of the investors. From the statistical values of the stock prices obtained for the provided 20 companies, it has been evaluated that the shares 11-20 have greater possibility to grow further in future. However, the dividend payout of the investors might be minimised in the long-run. Along with this, the investors are recommended to diversify their portfolios, instead of investing in a single stock for lowering the amount of risk to ensure steady returns. Finally, the measures of central tendency have been computed based on the provided data. The mean value has been considered as the most effective measure of central tendency and thus, the average time taken to complete the statistics exam is obtained as 39.33 minutes. References: Anderson, D.R., Sweeney, D.J., Williams, T.A., Camm, J.D. and Cochran, J.J., 2014.Essentials of statistics for business and economics. Cengage Learning. Calhoun, P., 2015. STAT 119 Elementary Statistics for Business. Edwards, H., Edwards, S. and Xie, G., 2014. BizStats: A Data and Story Library for Business Statistics. InTopics from Australian Conferences on Teaching Statistics(pp. 405-410). Springer New York. Fraser, C., 2016. Statistics for Decision Making and Competitive Advantage. InBusiness Statistics for Competitive Advantage with Excel 2016(pp. 1-3). Springer International Publishing. Jaggia, S., Kelly, A., Beg, A.B.M., Leighton, C., Olaru, D., Salzman, S. and Sriananthakumar, S., 2016.Essentials of business statistics: communicating with numbers. McGraw-Hill Education. Rhodes, C., 2015. Business statistics.Economic policy and statistics. Selvanathan, S., Selvanathan, S. and Keller, G., 2014.Business Statistics: Australia/New Zealand. Cengage Learning. Tran, D.H., 2016. Business Statistics II: Syllabus: Spring 2016.